2023-06-22 14:06:43 來(lái)源 : 博客園
SpringBoot不僅繼承了Spring框架原有的優(yōu)秀特性,而且還通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)化配置來(lái)進(jìn)一步簡(jiǎn)化了Spring應(yīng)用的整個(gè)搭建和開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程。
在Spring-Boot項(xiàng)目開(kāi)發(fā)中,存在著本模塊的代碼需要訪問(wèn)外面模塊接口,或外部url鏈接的需求, 比如在apaas開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程中需要封裝接口在接口中調(diào)用apaas提供的接口(像發(fā)起流程接口submit等等)下面也是提供了三種方式(不使用dubbo的方式)供我們選擇
(資料圖片僅供參考)
推薦一個(gè)開(kāi)源免費(fèi)的 Spring Boot 實(shí)戰(zhàn)項(xiàng)目:
https://github.com/javastacks/spring-boot-best-practice
/* * @description get方式獲取入?yún)ⅲ迦霐?shù)據(jù)并發(fā)起流程 * @author lyx * @date 2022/8/24 16:05 * @params documentId * @return String *///@RequestMapping("/submit/{documentId}")public String submit1(@PathVariable String documentId) throws ParseException { //此處將要發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換為json格式字符串 Map map =task2Service.getMap(documentId); String jsonStr = JSON.toJSONString(map, SerializerFeature.WRITE_MAP_NULL_FEATURES,SerializerFeature.QuoteFieldNames); JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(jsonStr); JSONObject sr = task2Service.doPost(jsonObject); return sr.toString();}/* * @description 使用原生httpClient調(diào)用外部接口 * @author lyx * @date 2022/8/24 16:08 * @params date * @return JSONObject */public static JSONObject doPost(JSONObject date) { String assessToken="eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJ4ZGFwYXBwaWQiOiIzNDgxMjU4ODk2OTI2OTY1NzYiLCJleHAiOjE2NjEyMjY5MDgsImlhdCI6MTY2MTIxOTcwOCwieGRhcHRlbmFudGlkIjoiMzAwOTgxNjA1MTE0MDUyNjA5IiwieGRhcHVzZXJpZCI6IjEwMDM0NzY2MzU4MzM1OTc5NTIwMCJ9.fZAO4kJSv2rSH0RBiL1zghdko8Npmu_9ufo6Wex_TI2q9gsiLp7XaW7U9Cu7uewEOaX4DTdpbFmMPvLUtcj_sQ"; CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault(); // 要調(diào)用的接口url String url = "http://39.103.201.110:30661 /xdap-open/open/process/v1/submit"; HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url); JSONObject jsonObject = null; try { //創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求體并添加數(shù)據(jù) StringEntity s = new StringEntity(date.toString()); //此處相當(dāng)于在header里頭添加content-type等參數(shù) s.setContentType("application/json"); s.setContentEncoding("UTF-8"); post.setEntity(s); //此處相當(dāng)于在Authorization里頭添加Bear token參數(shù)信息 post.addHeader("Authorization", "Bearer " +assessToken); HttpResponse res = client.execute(post); String response1 = EntityUtils.toString(res.getEntity()); if (res.getStatusLine() .getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { // 返回json格式: String result = EntityUtils.toString(res.getEntity()); jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(result); } } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } return jsonObject;}
Spring-Boot開(kāi)發(fā)中,RestTemplate
同樣提供了對(duì)外訪問(wèn)的接口API,這里主要介紹Get和Post方法的使用。
提供了getForObject
、getForEntity
兩種方式,其中getForEntity
如下三種方法的實(shí)現(xiàn):
Get--getForEntity
,存在以下兩種方式重載
1.getForEntity(Stringurl,Class responseType,Object…urlVariables)2.getForEntity(URI url,Class responseType)
Get--getForEntity(URI url,Class responseType)
//該方法使用URI對(duì)象來(lái)替代之前的url和urlVariables參數(shù)來(lái)指定訪問(wèn)地址和參數(shù)綁定。URI是JDK java.net包下的一個(gè)類(lèi),表示一個(gè)統(tǒng)一資源標(biāo)識(shí)符(Uniform Resource Identifier)引用。參考如下:RestTemplate restTemplate=new RestTemplate();UriComponents uriComponents=UriComponentsBuilder.fromUriString("http://USER-SERVICE/user?name={name}").build().expand("dodo").encode();URI uri=uriComponents.toUri();ResponseEntityresponseEntity=restTemplate.getForEntity(uri,String.class).getBody();
Get--getForEntity(Stringurl,Class responseType,Object…urlVariables)
//該方法提供了三個(gè)參數(shù),其中url為請(qǐng)求的地址,responseType為請(qǐng)求響應(yīng)body的包裝類(lèi)型,urlVariables為url中的參數(shù)綁定,該方法的參考調(diào)用如下:// http://USER-SERVICE/user?name={name)RestTemplate restTemplate=new RestTemplate();Mapparams=new HashMap<>();params.put("name","dada"); //ResponseEntityresponseEntity=restTemplate.getForEntity("http://USERSERVICE/user?name={name}",String.class,params);
Get--getForObject,存在以下三種方式重載
1.getForObject(String url,Class responseType,Object...urlVariables)2.getForObject(String url,Class responseType,Map urlVariables)3.getForObject(URI url,Class responseType)
getForObject方法可以理解為對(duì)getForEntity的進(jìn)一步封裝,它通過(guò)HttpMessageConverterExtractor
對(duì)HTTP的請(qǐng)求響應(yīng)體body內(nèi)容進(jìn)行對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)換,實(shí)現(xiàn)請(qǐng)求直接返回包裝好的對(duì)象內(nèi)容。
Post請(qǐng)求提供有postForEntity
、postForObject
和postForLocation
三種方式,其中每種方式都有三種方法,下面介紹postForEntity
的使用方法。
Post--postForEntity,存在以下三種方式重載
1.postForEntity(String url,Object request,Class responseType,Object... uriVariables) 2.postForEntity(String url,Object request,Class responseType,Map uriVariables) 3.postForEntity(URI url,Object request,Class responseType)
如下僅演示第二種重載方式
/* * @description post方式獲取入?yún)ⅲ迦霐?shù)據(jù)并發(fā)起流程 * @author lyx * @date 2022/8/24 16:07 * @params * @return */@PostMapping("/submit2")public Object insertFinanceCompensation(@RequestBody JSONObject jsonObject) { String documentId=jsonObject.get("documentId").toString(); return task2Service.submit(documentId);}/* * @description 使用restTimeplate調(diào)外部接口 * @author lyx * @date 2022/8/24 16:02 * @params documentId * @return String */public String submit(String documentId){ String assessToken="eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJ4ZGFwYXBwaWQiOiIzNDgxMjU4ODk2OTI2OTY1NzYiLCJleHAiOjE2NjEyMjY5MDgsImlhdCI6MTY2MTIxOTcwOCwieGRhcHRlbmFudGlkIjoiMzAwOTgxNjA1MTE0MDUyNjA5IiwieGRhcHVzZXJpZCI6IjEwMDM0NzY2MzU4MzM1OTc5NTIwMCJ9.fZAO4kJSv2rSH0RBiL1zghdko8Npmu_9ufo6Wex_TI2q9gsiLp7XaW7U9Cu7uewEOaX4DTdpbFmMPvLUtcj_sQ"; RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(); //創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求頭 HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders(); //此處相當(dāng)于在Authorization里頭添加Bear token參數(shù)信息 httpHeaders.add(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION, "Bearer " + assessToken); //此處相當(dāng)于在header里頭添加content-type等參數(shù) httpHeaders.add(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE,"application/json"); Map map = getMap(documentId); String jsonStr = JSON.toJSONString(map); //創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求體并添加數(shù)據(jù) HttpEntity
在maven項(xiàng)目中添加依賴(lài)
org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-feign 1.2.2.RELEASE
啟動(dòng)類(lèi)上加上@EnableFeignClients
@SpringBootApplication@EnableFeignClients@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.definesys.mpaas", "com.xdap.*" ,"com.xdap.*"})public class MobilecardApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MobilecardApplication.class, args); } }
此處編寫(xiě)接口模擬外部接口供feign調(diào)用外部接口方式使用
定義controller
@AutowiredPrintService printService;@PostMapping("/outSide")public String test(@RequestBody TestDto testDto) { return printService.print(testDto);}
定義service
@Servicepublic interface PrintService { public String print(TestDto testDto);}
定義serviceImpl
public class PrintServiceImpl implements PrintService { @Override public String print(TestDto testDto) { return "模擬外部系統(tǒng)的接口功能"+testDto.getId(); }}
構(gòu)建Feigin的Service
定義service
//此處name需要設(shè)置不為空,url需要在.properties中設(shè)置@Service@FeignClient(url = "${outSide.url}", name = "service2")public interface FeignService2 { @RequestMapping(value = "/custom/outSide", method = RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public String getMessage(@Valid @RequestBody TestDto testDto);}
定義controller
@AutowiredFeignService2 feignService2;//測(cè)試feign調(diào)用外部接口入口@PostMapping("/test2")public String test2(@RequestBody TestDto testDto) { return feignService2.getMessage(testDto);}
postman測(cè)試
此處因?yàn)槲沂褂昧怂陧?xiàng)目,所以需要添加一定的請(qǐng)求頭等信息,關(guān)于Feign的請(qǐng)求頭添加也會(huì)在后續(xù)補(bǔ)充
補(bǔ)充如下:
將token等信息放入Feign請(qǐng)求頭中,主要通過(guò)重寫(xiě)RequestInterceptor
的apply方法實(shí)現(xiàn)
定義config
@Configurationpublic class FeignConfig implements RequestInterceptor { @Override public void apply(RequestTemplate requestTemplate) { //添加token requestTemplate.header("token", "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJ4ZGFwYXBwaWQiOiIzNDgxMjU4ODk2OTI2OTY1NzYiLCJleHAiOjE2NjEyMjY5MDgsImlhdCI6MTY2MTIxOTcwOCwieGRhcHRlbmFudGlkIjoiMzAwOTgxNjA1MTE0MDUyNjA5IiwieGRhcHVzZXJpZCI6IjEwMDM0NzY2MzU4MzM1OTc5NTIwMCJ9.fZAO4kJSv2rSH0RBiL1zghdko8Npmu_9ufo6Wex_TI2q9gsiLp7XaW7U9Cu7uewEOaX4DTdpbFmMPvLUtcj_sQ"); }}
定義service
@Service@FeignClient(url = "${outSide.url}",name = "feignServer", configuration = FeignDemoConfig.class)public interface TokenDemoClient { @RequestMapping(value = "/custom/outSideAddToken", method = RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public String getMessage(@Valid @RequestBody TestDto testDto);}
定義controller
//測(cè)試feign調(diào)用外部接口入口,加上token@PostMapping("/testToken")public String test4(@RequestBody TestDto testDto) { return tokenDemoClient.getMessage(testDto);}
版權(quán)聲明:本文為CSDN博主「Chelsea」的原創(chuàng)文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版權(quán)協(xié)議,轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)附上原文出處鏈接及本聲明。原文鏈接:https://blog.csdn.net/Chelsea/article/details/126689495
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